Valve device



Jan. 12, 1937. KQMMER 2,067,713

VALVE DEVICE Original Filed NOV. 27, 1954 FRED A. KOMMER INVENTOR.

no.2 BY

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Jan. 12, 3937 star FATENT @FFWE VALVE DEVICE Fred A. Kommer,St. Louis, Mo.

6 Glairns.

This invention relates to valve devices, particularly of the type usedin fluid pressure systems to control the pressure therein. The inventionis of particular advantage when used in connection with internalcombustion engine carburetors having pressure accelerating devices asmore fully described in a copending application Serial No. 754,940,filed November 2'7. 1934, of which the present application is adivision.

In the design of present day carburetor of the above character whereinan accelerating pump of the pressure injection type is connected to athrottle valve, it becomes necessary to vary th quantity of fueldischarged by the pump to meet the requirements of various throttleopening movements. It will be seen that, upon a sudden opening of thethrottle valve to a full open position, the vacuum in the intakemanifold will drop very low, and a full capacity discharge from anaccelerating pump which has been designed to meet requirements for rapidpart throttle acceleration, would be excessive at this time,particularly since, as is usually the case, additional fuel is alsoadmitted through the main fuel supply system when the throttle is fullyopen.

An object of the invention is to provide a device of the above typehaving a part functioning under certain conditions as a check valve forpermitting fluid to pass therethrough in one direction only and alsofunctioning to by-pass fluid around said check valve part under certainconditions.

Another object is to provide valve means 0' the above type capable ofinsertion in a chamber to limit the rate of flow of fuel therethrough ina given direction.

An ther object is to provide a relief valve device which may be utilizedwith particular advantage in connection with carburetor acceleratingpump Another ob ec i.- to provide a compact, simple, rugged, combinationcheck and relief valve device which may be or nve niently applied,removed, and handled as a unit.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following descriptionan. accompanying drawing, referring to whch Figure l is a diagrammaticrepresentation of a carburetor embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the by-pass relief valveand portions of communieating passages Figure 3 is a side elevation ofthe relief valve inner cylinder.

Figure 4.- is a plan view of the inner cylinder shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of the rellefvalve cage.

Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of the relief valve cage shown in Figure5.

Figure 7 is a side view of the by-pass relief valve unit.

Referring to the drawing, showing the invention applied to an internalcombustion engine carburetor, reference numeral 0 indicates the mainbody of a carburetor, having an air inlet 2 venturis 3, 3. and 5, amixing chamber 6, and an outlet l. The admission of air to thecarburetor is controlled by the choke valve 8 carried by a pivotal shaft9 and operated either manually or automatically. The carburetor issupplied with fuel through the intake Ill, and the fuel level.substantially as indicated, is maintained in the constant level chamberll by conventional means usually including a float l2 and needle valve I3. Fuel is supplied to the primary ventiu'i 3 through the main dischargenozzle it and the supply may be varied by a meter ng rod which. may beactuated by an inter connection to the throttle or by vacuum or by anyother suitable means.

A conventional adjustable idle device composed of passages i6 and Hleading to the idle port or ports l8 and having an adjustment screw itis provided for low speed operation. A throttle valve is mounted forrotation with shaft 2i and may be operated in any manner through lever22 which is afiixed to the shaft In order to supply additional fuel foracceleration an accelerating pump is provided comprising a cylinder 23and a piston 25 arranged to reciprocate in the cylinder and attached topiston rod 25. The accelerating pump shown in the drawing is operativelyconnected to the throttle valve through links 26 and 2'! and levers 22and 28. It may, however, be operated by vacuum and spring means and itwill be understood that the details of the accelerating pump and meansfor operating same do not constitute the present invention.

Fuel is drawn into the accelerating cylinder from the float chamberthrough passages 29 and 30 and through orifice 3i, passing the intakeball check 32 as the same is lifted from its seat by the upward surge offuel as piston 24% moves upward The efiect of restriction 3! in limitingthe inflow of fuel is to insure the formation of an air space betweenthe top of the fuel and the piston, where by an air-cushioned dischargeis obtained. Preferably the capacity of the fuel pump is substantiallygreater than the maximum required discharge. Fuel is discharged into themixing conduit through passages 33 and 34, passing discharge ball check5!, and through discharge jet 36 and restriction 50,

The novel combination check and relief valve device comprises asleeve'or main body member 37 externally threaded for engagement withthe carburetor body, and a ball cage member 40 slidably received withinthe bore or chamber in sleeve 31. The sleeve includes a shoulderedportion 42 between the lower and upper portions 38 and 39 thereof, acollar 37A for limiting the extent to which the sleeve may be screwedinto the thread ed aperture therefor in the carburetor body, andrestricted inwardly bent tongues 46 forming a screw driver slot 41 forassembly of the sleeve with the carburetor, the bent tongues alsoforming a seat for the coil spring 43. Spring 43 at its upper endengages the cage member 40 for urging the same upwardly with its annularshoulder 4i normally in engagement with the shouldered portion 42 of theouter sleeve. Check ball 32 is loosely held within the hollow upperportion of the cage member by lip elements 45 bent inwardly to maintainthe assembly. Ball 32 is urged by gravity against the upper end ofrestricted orifice 31in the ball cage member and functions to preventfluid from passing downwardly through this orifice while permittingfluid to be drawn into the pump cylinder during upward movement of thepiston.

In case suificient pressure in a downward direction is applied to thecage member 40, due, for instance, to rapid depression of the pumppiston, the member 4!! will be moved downwardly against spring 43,separating shoulders 4i and 42 on the cage and sleeve members 40 and 31,respectively, and permitting a portion of the fluid to by -pass betweenthe loosely fitting walls of the cage and sleeve members and through thepassages 30 and 29 back into the constant level chamber. Thus, the valvestructure functions under certain pressure conditions as an ordinarycheck valve and under difierent pressure conditions as a by-pass so asto subtantially limit the pressure which can be applied to fuel in thepump cylinder and consequently the rate of discharge of acceleratingfuel through the restriction 50 in auxiliary nozzle 36.

The novel Valve structure may be advantageously used, as illustrated, inconnection with an internal combustion, engine carburetor having anaccelerating pump actuated, for instance, by opening of the throttle.When the throttle is suddenly opened and the engine is operatingat'relatively low speed, the suction within the carburetor ordinarilywill be reduced substantially toa point where the gasolinesupply,.augmented by the action of the accelerating pump and, as isfrequently the case, by the admission of additional fuel directly intothe main fuel supply system, cannot be properly atomized, mixed withair, and carried to the firing chambers. In case the throttle is onlypartly opened, or is opened slowly, so as to create insufiicientpressure in the pump cylinder to open the relief valve, the suction andvelocity in the carburetor will ordinarily be sufficient to care for theadditional fuel.

The novel valve structure, while particularly advantageous when appliedto an internal combustion engine carburetor, as described, is obviouslynot limited to such use, but may be conveniently and advantageously usedin substantially any pressure fluid system in which it is desirable tolimit the fluid pressure in a passage or chamber and to combine checkand relief valves in a unitary, compact, simple and durable structure.The device'may be conveniently applied and withdrawn as a unit and theparts thereof are maintained firmly assembled at all times due to thenovel construction.

Various details of the invention as shown and described are notessential and these, together with the particular application or use ofthe novel valve structure, may be varied, as will occur to those skilledin the art, and the exclusive use of all such modifications as comewithin the scope of the appended claims is contemplated.

I claim:

1. A valve device comprising a body member having a bore and threads,said member having restricted ofiset portions for receiving a tool tofacilitate assembling the device with associated structure, said offsetportions also forming valve structure abutments, and a valve in saidbody member and operatively associated with said abutments.

2. A device as specified in claim 1 in which said offset portions are inthe form of tongues bent inwardly from the wall of said body memberadjacent an end thereof.

3. A valve unit comprising a body member in the form of a sleeve havingan internal shoulder and restricted tongue elements bent inwardlyadjacent an end thereof, said elements forming recesses for cooperatingwith a tool for assembling the unit with associated structure, a memberloosely fitted in said body member and having a chamber therein and ametering orifice communicating with said chamber, a spring compressedbetween said tongue elements and said loosely fitted member and normallyholding the same against said shoulder to seal the space between saidmembers, and a check valve in the chambered portion of said secondmember and controlling said metering orifice, said chambered memberbeing adapted to be moved against the force of said spring to open apassage between said members.

4. A valve device comprising a hollow body member having an internalvalve seat forming shoulder and restricted, laterally bent portions atone end for cooperation with a tool in attaching the device toassociated structure, a valve in said body member, and a springcompressed between said valve and said bent portions for urging saidvalve toward said internal shoulder.

5. A device as specified in claim 4 in which said valve includes apassageway and carries a second valve for controlling said passageway.

6. A device as specified in claim 4 in which said bent portions form ascrew driver slot.

FRED A. KOMMER.

